Eczema is also commonly known as atopic dermatitis. This disease is very common that affect almost 10% of infants and children. It starts affecting as early as in the age of two months.

There are different scenarios that represent the eczema disease. In the age of 13 months when individual enjoys drinking milk out of his/her cup. At that time patient noticed a red, raise rash scattered in different places around the body. By scratching those rash patient made it even worse.

You noticed a red, irritated rash on the face of your 4 months baby for the past two months. At that time everyone told you that it's baby acne. But later on you start to see the rash breaking out on babies' arms, legs, and body. That seems to you as a worse condition.

The skin of your 4 years old remains dry, but it never seemed to trouble him. After sometime dry, scaly patches developed on his arms, legs and face.

Eczema is a skin condition that has two different components:

1) Dry, easily irritated skin – mostly the children suffer with this condition have a genetic tendency toward dry skin. For keeping skin healthy moisture is very important. It keeps patient away from irritation. It helps to speed up healing.

2) Allergies – children with this condition also face some underlying allergies that are manifested in the skin. When skin exposed to these allergens, over-reacts and breaks out in a rash. The ability to heal and defeat against these allergens in already dry and irritated skin is less.

Symptoms:

1) Dry skin –skin will get dry with a rough texture. By running your fingers across the skin you will feel tiny white bumps.

2) Dry patches –scattered, scaly, dry, white patches may appear anywhere on the body.

3) Flare-ups – some areas of the skin will become more irritated and flare up. It will look like raised, red, slightly oozing patches. Flare-ups generally appear inside of the elbows and behind the knees, but sometime also in the feet, wrists and hands, and neck.

Causes:

The cause is mainly an inborn inclination toward dry skin and allergies. It is genetic problem.

Treatement: 

There are 5 main ways of preventing and treating eczema.

1) Keep your skin moisturize. Avoid hot water that will make your skin dry. Use of mostirizing soaps with no perfume is more preferable than plain soap. Cetaphil is a cleanser that can be used. Apply the moisturizing lotion daily on your skin.

2) Skin irritants should be avoided. Use Cotton clothing and Avoid wool and synthetic materials. Don't use lotions with fragrances. Keep humidity in your home with air conditioning.

3) Allergic triggers should be avoided. Milk, egg, soy, peanuts, fish and wheat can be the cause of food allergies.

4) Environmental allergies can be caused due to dust, mold, pets, and seasonal outdoor allergies such as pollens.

5) Itching should be controlled by Keep fingernails cut short and very clean. Medicine oral antihistamines are a very efficient way to control itching.

Innovations in eczema's treatment:

Tacrolimus ointment is an investigated ointment that is currently being tested in the U.S. for the treatment of eczema. It helps in suppresses the part of the immune system that is cause eczema rash and itching.