History

• In colonial times, gouges and other chisels were commonly used to make more precise cuts and grooves than axes would allow and make cuts that were impossible for saws, drawknives or other tools, according to the Colonial Williamsburg website. Woodworkers used a variety of sizes and types of gouges to complete their work.
  
  

Function

• Woodworkers primarily choose a gouge to cut grooves and pair corners. However, the shape of the cutting edge will determine the proper use for the gouge. Spoon, V and fishtail shapes are common for gouges. The sweep of the gouge refers to the severity of the angle of the blade.
  
  

Types

• Gouges can be purchased in a variety of sizes and types. Gouges can range in size from 1/8 inch to 3 1/2 inches. Gouges are generally classified into two categories: in-cannel gouges for cutting concave shapes and out-cannel gouges for cutting convex shapes.